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Tuesday, July 24, 2012

List of Books on Statistical Analysis Using SPSS



Today I have created a list of available free books (.pdf) on statistical analysis using SPSS :


1. A Handbook of Statistical Analyses using SPSS



2. Statistical Analysis SPSS


3. The Dummy's Guide to Data Analysis Using SPSS



4. IBM SPSS Advanced Statistics 20

Download it


5. Introduction to Statistics with SPSS (15.0)




6. Chi Square Analysis using the SPSS Program (Power Point)


7.  Introduction to SPSS 16.0

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Saturday, July 21, 2012

SPSS Software


Statistical Packege For Social Sciences


SPSS is a comprehensive and flexible statistical analysis and data management solution. SPSS can take data from almost any type of file and use them to generate tabulated reports, charts, and plots of distributions and trends, descriptive statistics, and conduct complex statistical analyses. SPSS is available from several platforms; Windows, Macintosh, and the UNIX systems.
You will find SPSS customers in virtually every industry, including telecommunications, banking, finance, insurance, healthcare, manufacturing, retail, consumer packaged goods, higher education, government, and market research.
The most popular IBM SPSS products include:
IBM SPSS Statistics IBM SPSS Statistics has been the leading desktop statistical analytics and reporting tool for over thirty years now, and currently in its version 20.0. For details visit:http://spss.co.in/spssstatistics.aspx
IBM SPSS Modeler - IBM SPSS Modeler (previously known as Clementine) is a data mining workbench from SPSS that helps organizations gain unprecedented insight from their data to solve challenging business problems. For details visit: http://spss.co.in/spssmodeler.aspx

NTSYSpc Software


Exeter Software 
NTSYSpc can be used to discover pattern and structure in multivariate data. For example, one may wish to discover that a sample of data points suggests that the samples may have come from two or more distinct populations or to estimate a phylogenetic tree using the neighbor-joining or UPGMA methods for constructing dendrograms. Of equal interest is the discovery that the variation in some subsets of variables are highly inter-correlated (clustered). The program originated as NTSYS in the 1960s but over the years is has been completely redesigned and greatly extended for use on PCs.

The input can be descriptive information about collections of objects or directly measured similarities or dissimilarities between all pairs of objects. The kinds of descriptors and objects used depend upon the application—morphological characters, abundances of species, presence and absence of properties, etc. NTSYSpc can transform data, estimate dis/similarities among objects, and prepare summaries of the relationships using cluster analysis, ordination, and multiple factor analyses. Many of the results can be shown both numerically and graphically. The software is designed for both classroom and research.

Version 2.2 for Windows is easy to use yet still has the speed and functionality of the previous versions. There is an interactive mode (with “fill-in-the-blanks” entry forms) and a batch mode with a simple command language (useful for analysis of simulations and multiple datasets). The program takes advantage of the Windows environment and allows long file names and the processing of large datasets. Plot options windows allows you to customize the plots (specify titles, fonts, sizes, colors, scales, line widths, background colors, margins, and many other aspects of what is plotted). There is also a print preview mode. NTS data files are ASCII files that can be shared with other programs. Long input lines are supported. A spreadsheet-like data editor is included that makes it easy to create and edit data files. It can be also used as an ASCII text editor for very large files. Matrices can be read from Excel XLS and CSV files and trees can be read from one type of nexus files. An option is provided to output to MATLAB M files.

Some of the features include in NTSYSpc are listed below.
bulletSimilarity and dissimilarity: correlation, distance, 34 association coefficients, and 11 genetic distance coefficients.
bulletClustering: UPGMA and other hierarchical SAHN methods (allows for ties). Neighbor-joining method (including the new unweighted version). Several types of consensus trees.
bulletGraph theoretic methods: minimum-length spanning trees. Graphs (unrooted trees) from the neighbor-joining method.
bulletOrdination: principal components & principal coordinates analysis, correspondence analysis, metric & non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, singular-value decompositions, projections onto axes and Burnaby's method. Canonical variates analysis. Programs for multiple factor analysis, common principal components analysis, partial least-squares, multiple correlation, and canonical correlations are also included.
bulletInteractive graphics: phenograms, phylogenetic trees, 2D scatter plots , comparison of dis/similarity matrices, Fourier plots of outlines, Procrustes plots, and 3-D perspective plots.
bulletMultivariate tests: canonical variates analysis, tests for homogeneity of covariance matrices, tests for number of dimensions, generalized multivariate multiple regression analysis. There are also provisions for bootstrap, jackknife, and simulation experiments.
bulletGeometric morphometrics: includes specialized modules for Procrustes analysis to superimpose landmark configurations, plotting the results of a Procrustes analysis, Fourier analysis (including 2D and 3D elliptic) of outline shapes, plotting outlines and Fourier coefficients, and computation of 2D and 3D partial warp scores and estimates of the uniform component.
bulletOther: includes comparison of matrices by cophenetic correlation, Mantel test, 3-way Mantel test, data standardization, and matrix transformations (simple functions, deletion, and now matrix transpose). Matrices can be split or combined.


Software Programs for Analysing Genetic Diversity


Arlequin
Schneider, S., D. Roessli and L. Excoffier. 2000. Arlequin: A Software for Population Genetics Data Analysis, Version 2.000. Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, Dept. of Anthropology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
CLUSTAL W  
Thompson, J.D., D.G. Higgins and T.J. Gibson. 1994. CLUSTAL W: improving the sensitivity of progressive multiple sequence alignment through sequence weighting, position-specific gap penalties and weight matrix choice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22:4673-4680.
DnaSP
Rozas, J. and R. Rozas. 1995. DnaSP, DNA sequence polymorphism: an interactive program for  stimating population genetics parameters from DNA sequence data. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 11:621-625. 
GDA
Lewis, P.O. and D. Zaykin. 1999. Genetic Data Analysis: Computer Program for the Analysis of Allelic Data, Version 1.0 (d12). Distributed by the authors.
GENEPOP
Raymond, M. and F. Rousset. 1995. GENEPOP (version 1.2): Population genetics software for exact tests and ecumenicism. J. Hered. 86:248-249.
GeneStrut
Constantine, C.C., R.P. Hobbs and A.J. Lymbery. 1994. FORTRAN programs for analysing population structure from multilocus genotype data. J. Hered. 85:336-337.
MacClade
Maddison, D.R. and W.P. Maddison. 2000. MacClade. Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
MALIGN
Janies, D. and W.C. Wheeler. 1998. MALIGN.pdf: Documentation for MALIGN, software for multiple alignments of DNA sequences. Distributed by the
MEGA2
Kumar, S., K. Tamura, I.B. Jakobsen and M. Nei. 2001. MEGA2: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis software. Bioinformatics 17(12):1244-1245.
NTSYSpc
Rohlf, F.J. 2002. NTSYS pc: Numerical Taxonomy System, Version 2.1. Exeter Publishing, Setauket, NY.
PAUP*
Swofford, D.L. 2002. PAUP*: Phylogenetic Analysis Using Parsimony (*and Other Methods), Version 4. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
PHYLIP
Felsenstein, J. 1993. PHYLIP (Phylogeny Inference Package), Version 3.5c. Distributed by the author.
POPGENE
Yeh, F.C., R.C. Yang, T.B.J. Boyle, Z.H. Ye and J.X. Mao. 1997. POPGENE, the User-Friendly Shareware for Population Genetic Analysis. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada.
PowerMarker
Liu, J. 2003. PowerMarker: New Genetic Data Analysis Software, Version 3.0. Free program distributed by author over Internet at <http://www.powermarker.net>
SITES
Hey, J and J. Wakeley. 1997. A coalescent estimator of the population recombination rate. Genetics 145:833-846.
Structure
Pritchard, J.K., M. Stephens and P. Donnelly. 2000. Inference of population structure using multilocus genotype data. Genetics 155:945-959.
TFPGA
Miller, M.P. 1997. Tools for Population Genetic Analysis (TFPGA), 1.3: A Windows Program for the Analysis of Allozyme and Molecular Population Genetic Data. Distributed by the author.

Download List in .PDF

Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur


http://www.mpuat.ac.in/

The importance of agricultural growth and development in assuring livelihood security of its population, the Government of Rajasthan gave high priority to develop agricultural education, research and extension in the state. The first agriculture college established in the State was SKN College of Agriculture at Jobner.  Later on in 1955, Rajasthan College of Agriculture was established at Udaipur. With the establishment of first Agricultural University at Pantnagar in 1960 on the pattern of Land Grant Universities of USA, Rajasthan state had the distinction of being the second in establishment of Agricultural Universities in the country in 1962.  It also accepted the model of land grant pattern of education of U.S.A. with trinity of functions i.e. teaching, research and extension education. The government took the bold decision to transfer the research component to the university which many other states took a long time.  Soon the university was converted into multi faculty in 1964.  Later on separate Agricultural University was created in 1987 at Bikaner by bifurcating from the Sukhadia University, Udaipur.
The selected allied Colleges at Udaipur became constituent colleges of Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner. 
Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology,Udaipur (MPUAT), the second Agricultural University of the state, (initially named as Agricultural University, Udaipur) came into existence on 1st November, 1999 by bifurcation of the Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner through promulgation of Government of Rajasthan Ordinance No. 6 of 1999, which became an Act in May, 2000.  This has been done in view of wide physiographic variation including crops, cropping pattern, climate, soil parameters, etc. in the largest state of the country. Moreover, it was difficult to manage stipulated task of teaching, research and extension activities as per the mandate set-forth through a single University in the state.  Besides this, it provides new fillip to location specific programmes more suited to tribal belt specifically for the southern Rajasthan. The University started functioning in full swing with effect from December 1, 1999.

The jurisdiction of the university include constituent colleges, Agricultural Research Stations (ARSs), Agricultural Research Sub Stations (ARSSs), Livestock Research Station (LRS), Dryland Farming Research Station (DFRS),  and Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVKs) spread over 12 districts of the south and south eastern part of the state of Rajasthan. These districts are Banswara, Baran, Bhilwara, Bundi, Chittorgarh, Dungarpur, Jhalawar, Kota, Pratapgarh, Rajsamand, Sirohi and Udaipur.

University of Rajasthan



An Overview
University of Rajasthan is a vibrant community of scholars who  stand in the service of Rajasthan and that of the country as a whole. The University of Rajasthan is the oldest institution of higher learning in Rajasthan. It was established on 8th January, 1947, as the University of Rajputana  with the main objective of disseminating knowledge and catering to the needs of the students of Rajasthan. It  had jurisdiction over the entire state. In the year 1956, the Rajputana University was renamed as the University of Rajasthan, keeping intact its enveloping jurisdiction.  With the successive creation of other universities, its affiliating jurisdiction has come down, but  it is still the hub of Higher Education in Rajasthan paving the way for the other universities. It attracts students from all over Rajasthan and other parts of India and abroad. University of Rajasthan is a multi-faculty University and is recognized under 2f and 12B of U.G.C since its inception.  It has 36 Post Graduate Departments, 15 recognized Research Centers ,6 Constituent Colleges and 500 Affiliated Colleges spanning 6 districts. The location of the University is Urban and its Central Campus is spread over 285.50 acres and the satellite campus, comprising the Constituent Colleges, is spread over 149.53 acres.

The  Goals and Objectives
 Excellence in Education and Research
To create, preserve & disseminate  knowledge
To impart higher education with quality and social relevance
To inculcate amongst students a sense of discipline and   dedication
To pursue high quality research in diverse fields
To give priorities to studies of frontier problems concerning national economy, social development and defense
To emphasis  interdisciplinary research
To establish academic links and scientific cooperation with national and international institutions 
To create and strengthen of infrastructure through R&D projects

The University aims to impart higher education with quality and social relevance.  It provides academic and research facilities in various streams to the students studying in University Departments, university Constituent Colleges and Affiliated Colleges/Institutions.  University of Rajasthan offers 37 Ph.D. Programs, 20 M.Phil courses, 48 Master degree courses, and 14 Bachelor degree courses.  Besides focusing on dissemination of knowledge and search for excellence in teaching and research, the University prepares the students as good future citizens and endeavors to inculcate amongst them a sense of discipline and   dedication. The University is transforming its curricular activities keeping in view the recent trends of development.
The University generates cost effective resources to achieve financial self-sufficiency. Self financing courses are offered both at U.G. and P.G. level. Being both teaching and affiliating University, it ensures equitable distribution of facilities for higher education in different parts of the state under its jurisdiction.
The University encourages its teachers to undertake research activities and gives financial support to attend seminars and workshops. Financial grants are also given for Organizing Conferences. Interdisciplinary approach and collaborative research are being encouraged to achieve excellence in education.
 The Teaching Units
The University of Rajasthan consists of the following components:
(a)             Constituent Colleges
(b)             Post -graduate Teaching Departments
(c)             Research Centers
(a)             Constituent Colleges
Undergraduate teaching is imparted in the 6 constituent colleges of the University, by the teaching faculty appointed in the University Post Graduate Departments:
(i)                University Commerce college (Commerce Faculty)
(ii)              University Law College (Law Faculty)
(iii)            University Evening Law College (Law Faculty)
(iv)            University Maharani’s college (Multi-faculty College for Women)
(v)              University Maharaja’s College ( Science Faculty)
(vi)            University Rajasthan College (Arts and Social Sciences)
Looking to the needs and demands of students, the University started evening courses at Rajasthan College and Commerce College on self-financing basis.
All the constituent colleges provide library and sports facilities and motivate the students to join NCC and NSS programmes. Besides these, the colleges organize seminars, workshops, lectures and discussions to strengthen academic inputs.
 (b)             The P.G. Teaching Departments
37 P.G. Teaching Departments are in existence in faculties of Arts, Science, Social Science, Commerce, Law, Management, Fine Arts, Education and Library Science. Admissions to the P.G. Courses offered are based on entrance tests and merit. Some of the P.G. Departments run need-based self-financing courses also. Many eminent scholars have been teachers at the  P.G. Departments. The well-known personalities include : Professors Raja Chelliah, Raj Krishna, L.S. Ramaswami, C.V. Subramaniam, M.V. Mathur, P.N. Srivastava, R.K. Kaul, R.C. Mehrotra, Yogendra Singh, G. Ranganathan,  Satish Chandra, Dayakrishna, Om Prakash, Iqbal Narain, G.C. Pande, B.L.Saraf, S.Loknathan, S.P.Verma, C.P.Bhambhri, V. R. Mehta, Y.K.Alagh, C.Rangarajan etc.
Research support and Special Assistance have been made available to some departments by the UGC. A couple of departments are actively engaged in innovative research, and they are recognized for the FIST, COSIST and DST DAAD programmes of the University Grants Commission and the DST. The researches done by the faculty members have been in evidence by publications of articles in reputed journals. Some teachers have been honoured with international and national awards and citations.
Depending upon the disciplinary advancement, needs of the students and the demands of society, syllabi have been reviewed from time to time. The process of globalization, has also prompted formulation of new courses and this may go a long way in providing jobs to the students. Some of the new courses are as follows: –
          The post-graduate courses include:
(i)                Biotechnology
(ii)              Microbiology
(iii)            Information Technology
(iv)            Journalism and Mass Communication
(v)              Finance Control
(vi)            Management
The under-graduate courses are:
(vii)          Computer Applications
(viii)        Business Administration
(ix)            Fine Arts
(x)              Film Production and Technology
(xi)            Food Technology 
(c)             Research Centers 
The University also provides opportunities to the deserving students and teachers to undertake research in the fields of their specialization. For this purpose, Research Centers were established. These research centers have strengthened research, and some of them offer M. Phil Programmes of study.  The following Centers are in existence:
1.                Centre for Development of Physics Education*
2.                Indira Gandhi Centre for Human Ecology, Environmental and Population Studies*
3.                Centre for Gandhian Studies*
4.                South Asia Studies Centre*
5.                Centre for Women Studies
6.                Social Science Research Centre
7.                Centre for Jain Studies
8.                Centre for Rajasthan Studies
9.                Centre for Adult and Continuing Education
10.           Centre for Local-Self Government
11.           Centre for Non-Conventional Energy Resources
* Status of Teaching Department
Teaching Learning and Evaluation
 Aims of Teaching 
To develop an understanding of and skills in various modes of inquiry and of critical thinking and problem solving
To provide a supportive environment
To develop and demonstrate an understanding and appreciation of the rich complexity of human experience in terms of both its convergence and divergence
To develop and demonstrate an informed sense of thoughtful ethical choice and concerned community involvement
To inspire students to explore accurate and useful knowledge
To expand and enrich learning of  students with a view  to advance  knowledge
 The University allocates majority of its budget for academic programs. Students are admitted either on the basis of entrance test or merit. Many departments and all the Constituent Colleges have their own library in addition to the Central Library. Modern teaching methods and teaching aids are employed for effective teaching involving blending of teaching techniques to suit specific needs of a course (interactive participation of students, tutorials, brainstorming sessions, case studies, collaborative learning and active learning strategy). The emphasis is given on problem solving and skills in critical- thinking.
 Evaluation of the students is done on an objective basis. Examiners and Co-examiners are appointed for this purpose by the respective BOS. The method of evaluation has undergone changes recently to accommodate new trends. Opportunity for re-evaluation is also given to the students.Question papers are set by senior faculty members and the external examiners appointed by the Board of Studies. University adheres to the academic calendar and the results are declared within a month of the last examination.
Research , Consultancy and Extension
All faculty members are actively involved in research. They are guiding research in their respective disciplines. Besides this, teachers are publishing their articles / research papers in reputed national and international journals. Many faculty members of the University are working on research projects. There are more than one thousand  full time research scholars registered for Ph.D. and Post Doctoral Work and  a few of them are getting fellowships and scholarships.
There are 81 ongoing Research Projects with an outlay of Rs. 8 Crores. More than  2700 Research Papers and more than 250 Books have been published in the last five years. International linkages and collaborative programs with research institutes and Universities from countries such as USA, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Australia, Canada, Japan, UK, Norway, Sweden, Brazil, Russia, Mexico, Finland and France. Academic links and collaborations at  National  level exist with research support by several agencies such as  UGC, DST, DAE, DRDO,  ICSSR, CSIR, ICHR, ICAR and ICMR. University Teachers have served as Hony. Editors of several journals of high standing. A few University PG departments publish journals of their own on a regular basis.
 The Support Services in the University        
To strengthen  teaching and research, support services are being  provided by the University. The University has one of the best university  libraries in India. It has nearly 3.33 lakh books, hundreds of journals, microfilms, and magnificent archival documents. Photostating and internet access  are also made available at  the library. The library also provides inter-library loan facility to its members.
The University has a modern Sports Complex. It has also a swimming pool, which has been a  venue of many National Swimming Meets. The University has always accorded a high priority to games and sports. Facilities for all major indoor and outdoor games are available at the Constituent Colleges as well. Fully developed indoor stadium along with a yoga centre are the unique attractions of the Sports Complex. Besides this, the Department of Physical Education has started a postgraduate diploma and  a masters' programme in Physical Education.
The University provides  Allopathic, Ayurvedic, and Homeopathic facilities at its Health Center.  Medicines are provided free of cost. Health checkups  are arranged from time to time. Blood donation camps are also  organized . Consultation is also available to the outsiders.
A Students Advisory Bureau exists since 1962 with the motto: "We do not believe in framing the future for next generation, rather we wish to frame the next generation for the future."
Residential accommodation is provided to the teachers and  the Students. The university has 16 hostels, 9 for boys, 7 for girls. The University is going to construct two hostels one for SC girls and other for SC boys with 45% assistance from the ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment with a cost of Rs. 5 crores. Besides hostels,  there are Teachers Hostel, Working Women Hostel and faculty residences located at the main campus. Some  residences  are for the non-teaching employees as well.   The University has an eco-friendly environment. The nursery-cum-garden office of the university looks after lawns and parks. The university has  nursery  which has  some rare plants and shrubs.
In order to stimulate and coordinate various activities of the students the Dean of Students' Welfare is provided grants and facilities.  The Dean, Students Welfare, is also Advisor of  International Students.
The University has also an Academic Staff College which was set-up  by the UGC in 1988 for an  overall development of  young university and college teachers.  The ASC organizes  Refresher and Orientation Programmes. The Refresher Courses are discipline-specific, whereas the Orientation Programmes are interdisciplinary. The later aims to  enhance over all intellectual worth of the teacher. The ASC is ranked one of the first ten best Academic Staff  Colleges of India.
University Service and Instrumentation Center  is also functioning.  The center has an adequate workshop under its control with facilities for mechanical (Lathe machines, Milling Machines etc.), glass blowing, electronics, welding, and gas filling shops and an analytical instrument sections. The center houses costly instruments such as (1) Semiautomatic X-Ray Diffractometer DIANO (USA) make, (2) Phillips Liquid Nitrogen Plant with 6 liter per hour capacity. 
The University has established a UGC Infonet Center which coordinates all the activity of UGC Infonet Project at University of Rajasthan end. The centre  will further distribute and maintain the internet connectivity over Campus Wide Area Network making it available to constituent colleges, teaching departments, research centers, and administrative units. The Center maintains and  host University Website and Mail-server. The center will also coordinate and maintain Intranet of University when it comes up. 
The University has a Press. It looks after the requirements of the university. It is being modernized with assistance from UGC during the tenth plan.
The Guest House of the university is well maintained. It is the pride of the University. Recently it was expanded with seven rooms.
Healthy Practices in the University
Strict adherence is observed to the Academic Calendar formulated for each year by the Academic Council
National and International Seminars, Lectures and Workshops are regularly organized and faculty members are given all possible financial and academic backup to participate in such events at both the National and International levels. Eminent Scholars come to the University as visiting faculty.
Statutory bodies like the Senate, the Syndicate, the Academic Council, the  Faculties, the Research Board, the Boards of Studies are regularly in their meetings and both vibrant and vigilant in their deliberations.
The University examination system is now fully computerised. The results of the entrance examinations are declared within twenty four hours.
The University Press looks after the printing requirements of the University. During the Xth Plan, it is being modernized.
To provide financial assistance to the needy students, a University Corpus Fund has been created.
To ameliorate the grievance of every strata of University Community a standing mechanism has been evolved wherein three separate Grievance Committees function on a continuing basis.
The University of Rajasthan has been striving with fullest commitment to uphold the Hand Book and to sincerely implement the rules and regulations provided therein.

Thomson Reuters Master Journal List (Science Citation Index )

The Master Journal List includes all journal titles covered in Scientific products.

Refer to the Journal Submission Process if you wish to submit a print or electronic journal for evaluation.



National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS) Rating of Scientific Journals




The mission of the academy is to gain recognition as a credible think tank to provide views of the scientific community on all agriculture- related policy issues, to encourage talent and promote excellence in science, making it a powerful instrument for the growth of national economy with a vibrant farm sector.

Rating of Scientific Journals

The National Academy of Agricultural Sciences is a think tank that provides a forum to scientists to present their views on critical issues relating to agricultural research, education and extension. The Academy encourages cutting edge research in different fields of agriculture and accords recognition to scientists by electing them as Fellows, giving them Awards and admitting young scientists to Associateships.

The election of Fellows involves a rigorous assessment of research achievements of the nominees for which emphasis is given to their scientific publications. Therefore, a need was felt in the Academy for critically assessing the published work of the nominees for the Fellowship/Associateship and for developing a transparent and quantifiable mechanism that avoids arbitrariness in assessment. Accordingly, the Academy initiated a process of rating of scientific research journals with the primary objective to bring uniformity in the evaluation of publications by the nominees for Fellowship/ Associateship by different Sectional Committees. 

For determining NAAS rating to research journals, the Academy has classified them into the following two categories:- 

Category I: Those journals where Thompson Reuters Impact Factor is available, the marks are assigned between 6.0 and 10.0 on the basis of their standing in the Thomson Reuters list of the Impact Factors. 

Category II: Those journals where Thompson Reuters Impact Factor is not available, the marks are assigned on the basis of information provided by the Publishers in a proforma prescribed by the Academy.

Criteria for NAAS Rating for research journals with Thomson Reuters Impact Factor

Proforma and Guidelines for assessment of research journals with no impact factor


To download List of Rated Journals click here

Friday, July 20, 2012

Principal Component Analysis Using NTSYS-pc


Principal Coordinate/Component Analysis


Data preparation

1) Open excel file “NTSYSclass” in the class folder, it should look like the clip below. You can either input files to NTSYS-pc using Excel or using the application NTedit.



 Your loci or OTUs can be either the columns or the rows, but keep track you have to tell the program later, which is which. In this case, the OTUs are rows. If you make your file with Transformer, the OTUs are columns. Also open excel file “dominantsymbol.xls”. This file specifies populations so when the results are plotted, individuals in different populations are given different symbols.
Principal Coordinate Analysis
1a) Open Programs-NTSYS-pc21-Ntedit File-Open file in grid. Browse to the file “NTSYSclass.xls.” This allows you to view the excel file in the NTS format and it can be saved as a .NTS files if you so choose. Close Ntedit.
1b) Open Programs-NTSYS-pc21-NTSYSpc
2a) Select Similarity left menu and choose Qualitative Data

2b) Click Help menu in upper right corner of NTSYS window. Whatever module you are using if you click Help it will open up the relevant help section.
3) Double click Input File box and browse to ECL290 folder, change file type to excel. Select “NTSYSclass.xls”
4) Select Rows if your OTUs are rows (they are).
5) Choose J (J = Jaccard’s coefficient) for Coefficient
6) Double click Output file and browse to your eponymous ECL290 folder. Name Output file “dominant jaccard”, save as type .NTS (from this point on save all files as type .NTS)
7) Leave Positive (= 1.00000) and Negative (=0.00000) codes as default
8) Click Compute in top menu bar
The Window you have open should look like the window on the next page.



Note: Another NTSYS window titled “Report listing” will now open up and will give you a list of operations you have run and tell you where the resultant files are saved
8) Select Output and Transf. from the left menu, then click Dcenter icon
9) Browse to your ECL290 folder and Input matrix file “dominant jaccard” you will probably have to change the “files of type” to .NTS in order to see the Jaccard matrix you made and be able to select it.
10) Browse to your ECL290 folder and name Result matrix “dominant jaccard dcenter”


11a) Leave Square distances box checked
11b) Click Compute

12) Select Ordination from the left menu and then choose the Eigen module
13) Browse to your ECL290 file and select “dominant jaccard dcenter” for Input matrix file
14) Browse to your ECL290 file and name Output eigenvector file “dominant jaccard dcenter vector”
15) Browse to ECL290 file and name Output eigenvalue file “dominant edit jaccard dcenter value”
16) Leave Number of dimensions as 4 and Sample Size and Degrees of Freedom as 0
17) Check Show Details Box if you want to see the operations in the Report Listing box
18) Click Compute

19) Select Graphics from the left menu and then choose Mod3D plot
20) Browse to ECL290 “your name” folder and choose Input file named “dominant jaccard dcenter vector”
21) Deselect Plot by rows
22) Browse to ECL290 Ordination file and choose for Plot symbol input file “dominant symbol” you will have to change file type to all or .xls to see this file!
23) Leave Graph Matrix File blank


24) Click Compute, you should get a plot that looks something like that below.
25) In 3D plot window, Plot Options you can change the size color shape etc of most components of the plot if you want. The plot can be rotated using the mouse.









Nobel Prize Awarded Women


The Nobel Prize and Prize in Economic Sciences have been awarded to women 40 times between 1901 and 2011. Only one woman, Marie Curie, has been honoured twice, with the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics and the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. This means that 43 women in total have been awarded the Nobel Prize between 1901 and 2011.



The Nobel Prize in Physics
1963
Maria Goeppert Mayer
1903
Marie Curie
Marie Curie, Nobel Laureate in Physics 1903 and in Chemistry 1911, in her laboratory at the Radium Institute in Paris, France, 1921.

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry
2009
Ada E. Yonath
1964
Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin
1935
Irène Joliot-Curie
1911
Marie Curie
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
2009
Elizabeth H. Blackburn
2009
Carol W. Greider
2008
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
2004
Linda B. Buck
1995
Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard
1988
Gertrude B. Elion
1986
Rita Levi-Montalcini
1983
Barbara McClintock
1977
Rosalyn Yalow
1947
Gerty Cori
The Nobel Prize in Literature
2009
Herta Müller
2007
Doris Lessing
2004
Elfriede Jelinek
1996
Wislawa Szymborska
1993
Toni Morrison
1991
Nadine Gordimer
1966
Nelly Sachs
1945
Gabriela Mistral
1938
Pearl Buck
1928
Sigrid Undset
1926
Grazia Deledda
1909
Selma Lagerlöf
The Nobel Peace Prize
2011
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf
2011
Leymah Gbowee
2011
Tawakkol Karman
2004
Wangari Maathai
2003
Shirin Ebadi
1997
Jody Williams
1992
Rigoberta Menchú Tum
1991
Aung San Suu Kyi
1982
Alva Myrdal
1979
Mother Teresa
1976
Betty Williams
1976
Mairead Corrigan
1946
Emily Greene Balch
1931
Jane Addams
1905
Bertha von Suttner
The Prize in Economic Sciences
2009
Elinor Ostrom

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